A glass tempering furnace is a specialized piece of equipment used in the glass manufacturing industry to temper glass, making it stronger and safer than untreated glass through a specific process. The core of the tempering process lies in heating the glass to a high temperature close to the softening point and then cooling it rapidly, thus creating a pre-stress within the glass, which can significantly improve the strength and durability of the glass. The technical parameters of the glass tempering furnace, like the scales on a precision instrument, directly determine the final quality of the tempered glass, and they are inextricably linked.
To this end, we will be from five key dimensions, the glass tempering furnace technical parameters for in-depth analysis:

1.temperature setting:

Temperature control during the tempering process is critical. Heating temperature needs to be set precisely to ensure that the glass can be uniformly heated to close to the softening point. At the same time, the temperature stage is also critical, it helps to eliminate the temperature gradient within the glass, to ensure uniformity of the tempering effect. The cooling temperature determines the cooling rate, which in turn affects the size and distribution of the prestress. Different types of glass require different temperature settings due to differences in composition, thickness and thermal conductivity. Therefore, in practice, the temperature parameters need to be flexibly adjusted according to the specific type and specification of the glass.

2. time settings:

Time parameters also have an important impact on the tempering effect. Heating time needs to be long enough to ensure that the glass can be fully heated; heat time should be determined according to the thickness of the glass and the heating rate to ensure a uniform distribution of temperature; cooling time needs to be rapid and stable to ensure that the pre-stress can be correctly formed. Different types of glass require different time settings due to their different thermal response characteristics. Therefore, in practice, the heating, heating and cooling times need to be accurately controlled to obtain the best tempering effect.

3.Furnace chamber pressure and fuel-air ratio setting:

Furnace chamber pressure has a direct impact on the heating efficiency and quality of glass. Appropriate chamber pressure helps to speed up the heating rate and improve the heating efficiency. At the same time, the furnace chamber pressure also needs to be matched with the cooling system to ensure that the glass in the cooling process can quickly cool down, the formation of a stable pre-stress. Fuel-air ratio is related to the completeness of combustion and the efficiency of energy utilization. Reasonable fuel-air ratio helps to reduce the pollutants produced by combustion and improve the efficiency of energy utilization. In practice, the furnace chamber pressure and fuel-air ratio need to be flexibly adjusted according to the type of glass, specifications and production requirements.
Furnace pressure is generally set to 0.2-0.6MPa, in order to ensure that the heating rate and heating efficiency of the balance; fuel – air ratio is usually set to 1.05-1.2, in order to meet the needs of the complete combustion; combustion air volume is generally 16,000-32,000Nm³/h, in order to ensure that the stability of the gas flow in the furnace chamber and uniformity.

…

More detailed information about the tempered glass furnace technical parameters can be found by visiting:https://www.shencglass.com/en/a/news/technical-parameters-of-glass-tempering-furnace.html

Installing a steel structure workshop involves the same principles as any steel structure but tailored to the specific requirements of a workshop, including size, layout, and purpose. Here’s a step-by-step guide to installing a steel structure workshop.

Steel Structure workshop Installation Guide

1. Planning and Design

Structural Design: Work with an architect or structural engineer to design the workshop. Ensure the design accounts for:

Dimensions (height, width, length)

Load-bearing requirements

Ventilation, insulation, and lighting needs

Specific features (e.g., mezzanines, overhead cranes)

Permits and Approvals: Obtain necessary building permits and approvals from local authorities.

2. Site Preparation

Clear the Site: Remove debris, vegetation, or obstacles from the construction area.

Foundation Work:

Excavate and lay the foundation as per design specifications.

Use reinforced concrete for the foundation to provide a stable base for the steel structure.

Ensure anchor bolts are placed accurately according to the structural plans.

3. Steel Frame Assembly

Erect Steel Columns: Start by positioning vertical steel columns at their designated spots using cranes or lifting equipment. Secure them to the anchor bolts in the foundation.

Install Roof Beams and Trusses: Connect the horizontal beams and roof trusses to the vertical columns.

Temporary Bracing: Use temporary bracing to stabilize the frame during installation.

…

More detailed information about steel structure workshop installation can be found by clicking visit: https://www.meichensteel.com/a/news/steel-structure-workshop-installation.html

A slewing bearing consists of several key components designed to handle axial, radial, and moment loads simultaneously. Here are the primary components:

1. Rings (Inner and Outer Rings)

Inner Ring:

Mounted to the stationary or rotating part of the equipment.

Includes gear teeth in geared slewing bearings for power transmission.

Outer Ring:

Supports the opposite component (stationary or rotating).

May also feature gear teeth in external-geared designs.

Function:

Provide the raceways for rolling elements and structural stability.

2. Rolling Elements

Balls or Rollers:

Balls: Used in ball slewing bearings for lower friction and moderate loads.

Rollers: Used in roller slewing bearings for higher load capacities.

Configuration:

Single-row or multi-row (e.g., double-row balls, triple-row rollers).

Crossed roller arrangements for precision and moment load handling.

3. Spacer or Cage

Purpose:

Keeps the rolling elements evenly spaced along the raceway.

Prevents direct contact between rolling elements, reducing wear and friction.

Materials:

Usually made of nylon, steel, or brass, depending on the operating conditions.

4. Seals

Function:

Protect the bearing’s internal components from contamination (dust, dirt, moisture).

Retain lubrication within the bearing.

Materials:

Made of rubber or other durable, flexible materials.

5. Gear Teeth (Optional)

External Gear:

Gear teeth located on the outer ring.

Internal Gear:

Gear teeth located on the inner ring.

Purpose:

Allow the bearing to transmit rotational motion from a drive mechanism, such as a pinion gear.

6. Raceways

Description:

Grooved tracks on the inner and outer rings where rolling elements move.

Function:

Provide the contact surfaces for rolling elements, supporting loads and facilitating smooth rotation.

…

More detailed information about the composition of slewing bearings can be found by clicking on the visit to: https://www.mcslewingbearings.com/en/a/news/slewing-bearing-components.html

Slewing bearings, also known as slewing rings, are specialized bearings designed to support axial, radial, and moment loads, typically used in applications like cranes, wind turbines, and excavators. They are classified based on their structural design, the number of rolling elements, and the type of load they are designed to handle.

Slewing Bearing Types

1. Single-Row Four-Point Contact Ball Bearings

Description: These bearings have a single row of balls that make four points of contact with the raceways.

Features:

Capable of handling axial, radial, and moment loads simultaneously.

Compact design.

Moderate load-carrying capacity.

Applications: Cranes, excavators, turntables, and light-duty equipment.

2. Single-Row Crossed Roller Bearings

Description: This type has a single row of cylindrical rollers arranged in a crisscross pattern, alternating at 90° angles.

Features:

High precision and rigidity.

Excellent for applications requiring minimal deflection.

Can handle higher moment loads compared to ball bearings of similar size.

Applications: Robotics, medical equipment, and precision machinery.

3. Double-Row Ball Bearings

Description: These bearings have two rows of balls, typically separated by a spacer.

Features:

Higher load-carrying capacity compared to single-row designs.

Handles heavy axial and radial loads but limited moment load capability.

Applications: Wind turbines, heavy-duty cranes, and construction machinery.

4. Three-Row Roller Bearings

Description: These bearings consist of three separate rows of rollers, each designed to carry a specific type of load (radial, axial, or moment).

Features:

Extremely high load-carrying capacity.

Larger size and heavier weight compared to other types.

Applications: Large excavators, ship cranes, and heavy-duty rotating machinery.

…

More detailed information about slewing bearing types can be found by clicking visit: https://www.mcslewingbearings.com/en/a/news/slewing-bearing-types.html

A glass tempering furnace is a specialized machine used to strengthen glass by heating and rapid cooling, creating tempered glass that is more durable and safer than regular annealed glass. The process involves precise control of temperature and cooling to induce compressive stresses on the glass surface. Here’s how it works:

1. Pre-Processing

Before entering the tempering furnace:

Cutting and Edging:

Glass sheets are cut to the desired size and edges are smoothed to prevent breakage during tempering.

Washing:

Glass is thoroughly cleaned to remove dirt and contaminants that might affect the heating and cooling process.

Inspection:

Glass is checked for defects like chips or cracks that could cause failure during tempering.

2. Heating Stage

Loading:

Glass sheets are loaded onto a conveyor system or rollers that transport them through the furnace.

Heating Chamber:

Glass is heated to a temperature of approximately 620–700°C (1148–1292°F), depending on the type and thickness of the glass.

Uniform Heating:

Electric or gas-fired heaters provide consistent and uniform heat.

Convection and/or radiant heating ensures the glass reaches its softening point without deforming.

Temperature Control:

Sensors monitor the glass temperature to avoid overheating or uneven heating.

3. Soaking Period

Thermal Equalization:

Glass is held at the target temperature for a short period to ensure the entire sheet is uniformly heated.

Proper soaking prevents stress imbalances during the cooling phase.

4. Rapid Cooling (Quenching)

Cooling System:

The heated glass exits the furnace into the quenching section, where high-velocity air jets cool it rapidly.

Air Nozzles:

Jets of cool air are blown onto both surfaces of the glass simultaneously.

Stress Induction:

The rapid cooling causes the outer surfaces of the glass to contract quickly, creating a layer of compressive stress.

The interior cools more slowly, resulting in tensile stress at the core.

Controlled Cooling:

The process is carefully controlled to avoid cracking or deformation.

5. Unloading and Inspection

…

More detailed information about the working principle of glass tempering furnace can click to visit: https://www.shencglass.com/en/a/news/glass-tempering-furnace-working-principle.html